Спрямованість нормопроєктування на імплементацію Керівних принципів ООН щодо бізнесу і прав людини: самоаналіз за чеклістом Данського інституту з прав людини

Abstract

Вступу до Європейського Союзу, Організації економічного співробітництва та розвитку й інших міжнародних організацій передує сумлінне дотримання державою Керівних принципів ООН щодо бізнесу і прав людини. Данський інститут з прав людини розробив чекіст із п’яти питань для самоаналізу держав щодо вступу до впливових економіко-політичних організацій. Проаналізовано стан дотримання економічних та інших прав людини у правовій системі України більшістю центральних і місцевих органів виконавчої влади та місцевого самоврядування, суб’єктів бізнесу та зроблено висновок, що можна позитивно відповісти на усі ці п’ять питань.

The article aims to provide an assessment of Ukraine’s readiness for integration into international unions of democratic states, with a determination of the prospects for continuing regulatory development in Ukraine. For more than two decades, Ukraine has been seeking EU membership. But to do so, it must first demonstrate its conscientious adherence to the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. The Danish Institute for Human Rights has developed a fivequestion checklist for states to self-assess their membership in influential economic and political organizations. The ana lysis conducted in the article showed that the state of compliance with economic and other human rights in the legal system of Ukraine by the majority of central and local executive bodies, local self-government, and business entities allows us to answer all five questions positively. Thus, the Constitution and many regulatory acts take into account the provisions of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of December 16, 1966, and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Ukrainian business entities adhere to the principles of the OECD and ILO declarations. When drafting regulations, the provisions of EU directives and regulations are taken into account. It is shown that Ukraine supports the UN Guiding Principles, in particular in paragraph 16 of the National Strategy in the Field of Human Rights, approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine on March 24, 2021. The UN Guiding Principles are popularized in Ukraine by posting them on the official website of the Ombudsman of Ukraine, websites of executive authorities, public organizations, educational institutions, and research institutions. Also, scientific activities are being carried out in Ukraine aimed at finding ways to better comply with the UN Guiding Principles and faster entry into the OECD and the EU; training is being carried out for state and local officials and business representatives on the subject of compliance with economic human rights. It is indicated that despite the difficult situation, Ukraine is constantly “working on mistakes”, that is, restoring human rights violated by the state or business. It is concluded that the next regulatory drafting towards the development of new economic legislation in Uk rai ne should be carried out through compliance with the requirements of the UN Guiding Principles, general and sec to ral principles of the OECD, international conventions on the protection of economic rights and EU directives and regulations.